NHC HURDAT2 · SPC Tornado Database
Hurricanes and Tornadoes That Hit Palo Alto, CA
Every tropical system within 75 miles since 1851 and every tornado within 25 miles since 1950.
Data: NOAA NHC HURDAT2 and NOAA SPC tornado and hail reports, through 2025 · Updated
No tropical storm or hurricane has passed within 75 miles of Palo Alto, California since records began in 1851. Since 1950, 11 tornadoes have touched down within 25 miles, 0 of them rated EF3 or stronger.
- Hurricanes
- 0
- Tropical storms
- 0
- Tornadoes
- 11
- EF3 or stronger
- 0
within 75 mi, since 1851
below hurricane strength
within 25 mi, since 1950
no recorded deaths
What the records show for Palo Alto
The highest rating among the 11 tornadoes within 25 miles is F2, reached 2 times; the most recent, on May 5, 1998, came within 7 miles. Of the 11, 2 had paths within 5 miles of the city centre, and one has come since 2000. The most recent tornado was on March 20, 2005. Of the 705 California cities on this site, 55% have more tornadoes within 25 miles than Palo Alto. Hail has been reported within 10 miles 8 times since 2018, with stones up to 0.35 inches. Palo Alto has more hail reports within 10 miles than 82% of the 705 California cities.
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Tornadoes within 25 miles of Palo Alto
By decade
- 2000s1
- 1990s6
- 1980s2
- 1950s2
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Killed / injured |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 5, 1998 | F2 | 7 mi | 0.6 mi | 0 / 1 |
| Jan 11, 1951 | F2 | 4 mi | 5.7 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Mar 20, 2005 | F1 | 21 mi | 3 mi | 0 / 0 |
| May 5, 1998 | F1 | 4 mi | 0.3 mi | 0 / 1 |
| Jan 14, 1980 | F1 | 14 mi | 0.3 mi | 0 / 1 |
| Apr 1, 1958 | F1 | 17 mi | 0.2 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Feb 7, 1998 | F0 | 16 mi | 0.2 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Feb 6, 1998 | F0 | 7 mi | 0.1 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Dec 8, 1997 | F0 | 16 mi | 0.2 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Dec 17, 1992 | F0 | 20 mi | 0.2 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Mar 10, 1986 | F0 | 22 mi | 0.2 mi | 0 / 0 |
The strongest 11 of 11, by rating and then by deaths. Ratings before February 2007 are on the original Fujita scale.
Hail in Palo Alto
The Storm Prediction Center has 8 hail reports within 10 miles of Palo Alto since 2018, made on 4 separate days. None of them reached 1 inch. The largest, 0.35 inches, fell on March 25, 2020. The most recent report is from March 30, 2024.
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather reports, data through 2025.
Weather by month in Palo Alto
The nearest NOAA station with 1991–2020 climate normals is Palo Alto, CA, in Palo Alto at 25 feet. July is the warmest, with an average high of 79°F and low of 56°F; December is the coolest, at 58°F and 39°F. February is the wettest at 3.2 inches of precipitation on average and July and August the driest at 0.0 inches; the year adds up to 15.2 inches over 37 days with at least a tenth of an inch. Highs reach 90°F on about 12 days a year, almost all from May to September. Lows fall below freezing on about 14 nights a year. That 15.2 inches is more than at 105 of the 226 California stations used on this site (46%). Atherton, 4 miles west, has its own station (Redwood City, CA): 19.2 inches a year, 4.0 more than here, and a July average high of 81°F against 79°F.
Water temperature at the NOAA tide station Redwood City, CA, 6 miles northwest, averaged 74°F in August and 54°F in January over 2021–2025. No month averaged 80°F. Sea level at the Redwood City tide gauge, 6 miles from Palo Alto, has risen 1.08 ± 0.25 inches per decade from 1974 to 2025, NOAA's linear trend; at that pace it is 10.8 inches in a hundred years. That is faster than at 62 of the 144 U.S. gauges with a NOAA trend.
| Month | High °F | Low °F | Precip. in | Days ≥ 0.1" | Water °F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 58 | 39 | 3.0 | 7 | 54 |
| Feb | 61 | 41 | 3.2 | 7 | 55 |
| Mar | 66 | 44 | 2.2 | 6 | 58 |
| Apr | 70 | 45 | 1.0 | 3 | 62 |
| May | 73 | 50 | 0.4 | 2 | 67 |
| Jun | 79 | 53 | 0.1 | 0 | 70 |
| Jul | 79 | 56 | 0.0 | 0 | 73 |
| Aug | 79 | 55 | 0.0 | 0 | 74 |
| Sep | 80 | 53 | 0.1 | 0 | 73 |
| Oct | 74 | 48 | 0.6 | 2 | 69 |
| Nov | 64 | 43 | 1.6 | 4 | 60 |
| Dec | 58 | 39 | 3.0 | 7 | 55 |
| Year | 70 | 47 | 15.2 | 37 | 64 |
Averages for 1991–2020 at Palo Alto, CA (25 ft), from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals; water temperature: average of hourly readings 2021–2025 at the NOAA tide station Redwood City, CA, from NOAA Tides & Currents. Normals describe the station; the farther a place is from it, and the bigger the difference in height, the more its weather can differ.
Floods, thunderstorm wind and lightning near Palo Alto
Since 1996, the National Weather Service has logged 59 flood, rain, thunderstorm wind and lightning events that began within 10 miles of Palo Alto: 44 floods, 6 thunderstorm wind reports, 5 flash floods, 2 heavy rain events and 2 lightning strikes. None is recorded as killing or injuring anyone; the NWS estimated $3.3 million in property and crop damage. The strongest thunderstorm gust on record here was 75 mph, on December 24, 2025. Of the 550 California cities on this site with a flash flood on record, 163 have had fewer than Palo Alto.
December 23, 2012: flood 1 mile from the centre of Palo Alto — $2.7 million damage.
NWS: “Heavy rain caused San Francisquito Creek to flood and briefly overtop a levee in East Palo Alto. Numerous other seeps and areas where water bubbled through the levee were also noted in the area.”
December 11, 2014: flash flood 5 miles from the centre of Palo Alto — $500,000 damage.
Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, events whose starting point is on record, 1996 to June 30, 2026. Damage is the NWS estimate in the dollars of the year, not insured losses, and NWS notes that some reports are unverified.
Flood insurance claims, disaster declarations and FEMA risk ratings
Flood insurance policyholders in Palo Alto's 4 ZIP codes have filed 543 claims with the National Flood Insurance Program since 1978, and were paid $10.0 million for buildings and contents, in the dollars of each year. The most came from Pineapple Express - Southern in 1998: 431 claims (79% of all) and $8.8 million, then Flooding in 1983 with 30 and California Atmospheric River in 2022 with 11. 87% of the claims carry the name of a storm or flood event; the rest have no event name. Of the 415 California cities on this site with 10 or more claims, 400 have fewer than Palo Alto.
| Event | Claims | Paid |
|---|---|---|
| Pineapple Express - Southern1998 | 431 | $8.8 million |
| Flooding1983 | 30 | $110,000 |
| California Atmospheric River2022 | 11 | $561,000 |
Santa Clara County, which includes Palo Alto, has been named in 25 federal disaster or emergency declarations since 1977, 16 of them major disasters (by incident: 6 fires, 6 floods, 6 severe storms, 2 biological emergencies). The latest major disaster declaration was Severe Winter Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides, on April 3, 2023. FEMA's National Risk Index gives Santa Clara County a Very High rating for natural hazard risk overall; by hazard: Very High for inland flooding; Relatively High for coastal flooding and heat waves; Relatively Low for tornadoes, hail and lightning; Very Low for strong wind. It models the county's expected loss from all 18 hazards it covers at $1.97 billion a year, the 4th highest of 58 California counties; of the hazards above, the largest share, $720.2 million (37%), is from inland flooding.
Claims: FEMA, OpenFEMA Dataset FIMA NFIP Redacted Claims – v3, summed over ZIP codes; payments in the dollars of each year, not adjusted for inflation. Declarations: Disaster Declarations Summaries – v2, by county. Retrieved October 25, 2026. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Risk ratings: FEMA, National Risk Index county table, December 2025 (v1.20), retrieved October 26, 2026; ratings compare counties nationwide, are meant for planning and are no substitute for a local risk assessment. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
What counts as a pass, the distances and the sources: how this storm history is built.
Cities near Palo Alto
- Stanford, CA2 mi
- Menlo Park, CA3 mi
- Atherton, CA4 mi
- Mountain View, CA4 mi
- Los Altos, CA5 mi
- Redwood City, CA6 mi
- Portola Valley, CA6 mi
- Sunnyvale, CA7 mi
- San Carlos, CA8 mi
- Newark, CA9 mi
- Cupertino, CA10 mi
- Belmont, CA10 mi
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