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NHC HURDAT2 · SPC Tornado Database

Hurricanes and Tornadoes That Hit West River, MD

Every tropical system within 75 miles since 1851 and every tornado within 25 miles since 1950.

Data: NOAA NHC HURDAT2 and NOAA SPC tornado and hail reports, through 2025 · Updated

41 tropical systems have passed within 75 miles of West River, Maryland since 1851, 3 of them at hurricane strength; the most recent was Elsa in 2021. Since 1950, 82 tornadoes have touched down within 25 miles, 2 of them rated EF3 or stronger.

Hurricanes
3

within 75 mi, since 1851

Tropical storms
38

below hurricane strength

Tornadoes
82

within 25 mi, since 1950

EF3 or stronger
2

5 deaths in all

What the records show for West River

The strongest storm to pass near West River was an unnamed storm in 1878, a Category 1 hurricane with 93 mph winds when its centre passed 34 miles away. The record near West River begins with an unnamed storm in 1861; the most recent system was Elsa in 2021, a tropical storm 62 miles away. The busiest decade was the 1870s, with 5 systems, one of them at hurricane strength. Of the 41 systems, 5 have come since 2000. West River has more hurricanes within 75 miles than 14% of the 239 Maryland cities on this site. The strongest of the 82 tornadoes within 25 miles was an F4 on April 28, 2002; its path came within 24 miles, and it killed 3 people. Of the 82, 3 had paths within 5 miles of the city centre, and 42 have come since 2000. July has had the most tornadoes, 20. The most recent tornado was on July 31, 2025. Of the 239 Maryland cities, 63% have more tornadoes within 25 miles than West River. Hail has been reported within 10 miles 24 times since 1974, with stones up to 1.75 inches (golf ball size). Of the 239 Maryland cities, 82% have more hail reports within 10 miles than West River.

Compare West River's storm record with another city →

Tropical storms and hurricanes near West River

Tropical systems that passed within 75 miles of West River, Maryland, newest first
YearStormClosestStrength when closestPeak
2021ElsaJul 962 miTropical storm (56 mph)Category 1
2020ZetaOct 2939 miTropical storm (52 mph)Category 3
2020IsaiasAug 418 miTropical storm (67 mph)Category 1
2008HannaSep 638 miTropical storm (52 mph)Category 1
2006ErnestoSep 28 miTropical storm (46 mph)Category 1
1996BerthaJul 1341 miTropical storm (69 mph)Category 3
1992DanielleSep 2644 miTropical storm (44 mph)Tropical storm
1971DoriaAug 2871 miTropical storm (69 mph)Tropical storm
1963Unnamed 1963 stormJun 348 miTropical storm (46 mph)Tropical storm
1960BrendaJul 3064 miTropical storm (58 mph)Tropical storm
1955DianeAug 1852 miTropical storm (41 mph)Category 2
1955ConnieAug 132 miTropical storm (60 mph)Category 4
1954HazelOct 1553 miCategory 1 (84 mph)Category 4
1952AbleSep 152 miTropical storm (56 mph)Category 2
1949Unnamed 1949 stormAug 2969 miTropical storm (58 mph)Category 4
1945Unnamed 1945 stormSep 184 miTropical storm (39 mph)Category 4
1944Unnamed 1944 stormAug 230 miTropical storm (40 mph)Category 1
1943Unnamed 1943 stormOct 16 miTropical storm (48 mph)Tropical storm
1934Unnamed 1934 stormJun 1937 miTropical storm (46 mph)Category 2
1933Unnamed 1933 stormAug 2434 miTropical storm (62 mph)Category 4
1929Unnamed 1929 stormOct 211 miTropical storm (58 mph)Category 4
1928Unnamed 1928 stormSep 2062 miTropical storm (53 mph)Category 5
1928Unnamed 1928 stormAug 1261 miTropical storm (52 mph)Category 2
1924Unnamed 1924 stormSep 3075 miCategory 1 (74 mph)Category 1
1915Unnamed 1915 stormAug 436 miTropical storm (48 mph)Category 1
1904Unnamed 1904 stormSep 1555 miTropical storm (71 mph)Category 1
1902Unnamed 1902 stormOct 1260 miTropical storm (40 mph)Category 2
1902Unnamed 1902 stormJun 1668 miTropical storm (46 mph)Tropical storm
1899Unnamed 1899 stormNov 13 miTropical storm (58 mph)Category 2
1893Unnamed 1893 stormOct 233 miTropical storm (45 mph)Tropical storm
1893Unnamed 1893 stormAug 2943 miTropical storm (63 mph)Category 3
1888Unnamed 1888 stormSep 1142 miTropical storm (40 mph)Tropical storm
1882Unnamed 1882 stormSep 2371 miTropical storm (46 mph)Tropical storm
1882Unnamed 1882 stormSep 1173 miTropical storm (54 mph)Category 3
1878Unnamed 1878 stormOct 2334 miCategory 1 (93 mph)Category 2
1877Unnamed 1877 stormOct 449 miTropical storm (64 mph)Category 3
1876Unnamed 1876 stormSep 1849 miTropical storm (67 mph)Category 3
1874Unnamed 1874 stormSep 2947 miTropical storm (58 mph)Category 1
1872Unnamed 1872 stormOct 2644 miTropical storm (46 mph)Category 1
1863Unnamed 1863 stormSep 1956 miTropical storm (58 mph)Tropical storm
1861Unnamed 1861 stormSep 2768 miTropical storm (69 mph)Category 1

Strength is the sustained wind on the track at the closest point, which is not the wind felt in West River: a hurricane's worst winds sit within a few dozen miles of its centre, and inland cities are usually past that.

Tornadoes within 25 miles of West River

By decade

  • 2020s10
  • 2010s18
  • 2000s14(2 EF3+)
  • 1990s23
  • 1980s1
  • 1970s10
  • 1960s4
  • 1950s2
Strongest tornadoes near West River, Maryland
DateRatingDistancePathKilled / injured
Apr 28, 2002F424 mi38 mi3 / 122
Sep 24, 2001F324 mi17.5 mi2 / 55
Sep 1, 2021EF23 mi11.43 mi0 / 0
Jul 23, 2017EF214 mi2.37 mi0 / 1
Oct 5, 1995F221 mi2.5 mi0 / 3
Jul 27, 1994F217 mi7 mi0 / 0
Jun 27, 1978F211 mi6.9 mi0 / 0
Sep 12, 1971F215 mi3 mi0 / 0
Jul 5, 2022EF113 mi0.8 mi0 / 0
May 27, 2022EF123 mi4.14 mi0 / 0
Aug 4, 2020EF114 mi3.01 mi0 / 0
Feb 25, 2017EF122 mi8.44 mi0 / 0

The strongest 12 of 82, by rating and then by deaths. Ratings before February 2007 are on the original Fujita scale.

Hail in West River

The Storm Prediction Center has 24 hail reports within 10 miles of West River since 1974, made on 17 separate days. Of these, 14 were 1 inch across or larger, and none reached 2 inches. The largest size, 1.75 inches (golf ball size), was reported on 3 days, most recently July 1, 2020. The most recent report is from June 30, 2024. June has the most reports, 7.

Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather reports, data through 2025.

Weather by month in West River

The nearest NOAA station with 1991–2020 climate normals is Upper Marlboro 3 NNW, MD, 12 miles west of West River at 130 feet. July is the warmest, with an average high of 88°F and low of 67°F; January is the coolest, at 44°F and 25°F. September is the wettest at 4.5 inches of precipitation on average and February the driest at 2.7 inches; the year adds up to 45.1 inches over 74 days with at least a tenth of an inch. June to November, the hurricane season months, bring 54% of the year's precipitation (24.4 of 45.1 inches); the other six months are drier. September has brought the most of the 41 tropical systems that passed within 75 miles (15); a normal September there has highs of 80°F and 4.5 inches of precipitation. Highs reach 90°F on about 32 days a year, almost all from May to September. Lows fall below freezing on about 103 nights a year. Snowfall averages 15.9 inches a year, most of it in February. That 45.1 inches is more than at 16 of the 41 Maryland stations used on this site (39%). Chesapeake Beach, 11 miles south, has its own station (Mechanicsville 5 NE, MD): 48.1 inches a year, 3.0 more than here, and a July average high of 85°F against 88°F.

Water temperature at the NOAA tide station Annapolis, MD, 11 miles north, averaged 85°F in July and 42°F in January over 2021–2025. It averaged 80°F or warmer from July to August. Sea level at the Annapolis tide gauge, 11 miles from West River, has risen 1.52 ± 0.04 inches per decade from 1928 to 2025, NOAA's linear trend; at that pace it is 15.2 inches in a hundred years. That is faster than at 92 of the 144 U.S. gauges with a NOAA trend.

Monthly climate normals 1991–2020 at Upper Marlboro 3 NNW, MD
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. inDays ≥ 0.1"Snow inWater °F
Jan44253.065.742
Feb47262.756.342
Mar55333.971.750
Apr67443.470.059
May75544.170.068
Jun84634.270.078
Jul88674.260.085
Aug86654.160.084
Sep80584.560.078
Oct69464.150.069
Nov58363.350.058
Dec48293.672.247
Year674545.17415.963

Averages for 1991–2020 at Upper Marlboro 3 NNW, MD (130 ft), from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals; water temperature: average of hourly readings 2021–2025 at the NOAA tide station Annapolis, MD, from NOAA Tides & Currents. Normals describe the station; the farther a place is from it, and the bigger the difference in height, the more its weather can differ.

Maryland weather by month, station by station →

Floods, thunderstorm wind and lightning near West River

Since 1996, the National Weather Service has logged 283 flood, rain, thunderstorm wind and lightning events that began within 10 miles of West River: 239 thunderstorm wind reports, 25 floods, 18 flash floods and 1 lightning strike. They killed 1 person and injured 0, and the NWS estimated $2.0 million in property and crop damage. The strongest thunderstorm gust on record here was 90 mph, on May 31, 2008. August has had the most flash floods, 6 of 18. Of the 239 Maryland cities on this site with a flash flood on record, 60 have had fewer than West River.

  • July 25, 2010: lightning strike 9 miles from the centre of West River — 1 killed.

  • July 4, 2006: thunderstorm wind 10 miles from the centre of West River — $250,000 damage.

  • May 27, 2022: thunderstorm wind 8 miles from the centre of West River — $150,000 damage.

Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, events whose starting point is on record, 1996 to June 30, 2026. Damage is the NWS estimate in the dollars of the year, not insured losses, and NWS notes that some reports are unverified.

Flood insurance claims, disaster declarations and FEMA risk ratings

Flood insurance policyholders in West River's ZIP code 20778 have filed 38 claims with the National Flood Insurance Program since 1979, and were paid $888,000 for buildings and contents, in the dollars of each year. The most came from Hurricane Isabel in 2003: 25 claims (66% of all) and $795,000. 71% of the claims carry the name of a storm or flood event; the rest have no event name. Of the 150 Maryland cities on this site with 10 or more claims, 72 have fewer than West River.

Flood insurance claims in West River by named event
EventClaimsPaid
Hurricane Isabel200325$795,000

Anne Arundel County, which includes West River, has been named in 23 federal disaster or emergency declarations since 1971, 16 of them major disasters (by incident: 7 snowstorms, 6 hurricanes, 4 floods, 3 severe storms). The latest major disaster declaration was Covid-19 Pandemic, on March 26, 2020. FEMA's National Risk Index gives Anne Arundel County a Relatively Moderate rating for natural hazard risk overall; by hazard: Relatively High for strong wind and lightning; Relatively Moderate for hurricanes, tornadoes, hail, inland flooding, coastal flooding and heat waves. It models the county's expected loss from all 18 hazards it covers at $74.7 million a year, the 5th highest of 24 Maryland counties; of the hazards above, the largest share, $33.3 million (45%), is from inland flooding.

Claims: FEMA, OpenFEMA Dataset FIMA NFIP Redacted Claims – v3, summed over ZIP codes; payments in the dollars of each year, not adjusted for inflation. Declarations: Disaster Declarations Summaries – v2, by county. Retrieved October 25, 2026. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Risk ratings: FEMA, National Risk Index county table, December 2025 (v1.20), retrieved October 26, 2026; ratings compare counties nationwide, are meant for planning and are no substitute for a local risk assessment. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

What counts as a pass, the distances and the sources: how this storm history is built.

Cities near West River