NHC HURDAT2 · SPC Tornado Database
Hurricanes and Tornadoes That Hit Norfolk, VA
Every tropical system within 75 miles since 1851 and every tornado within 25 miles since 1950.
Data: NOAA NHC HURDAT2 and NOAA SPC tornado and hail reports, through 2025 · Updated
89 tropical systems have passed within 75 miles of Norfolk, Virginia since 1851, 19 of them at hurricane strength; the most recent was Elsa in 2021. Since 1950, 85 tornadoes have touched down within 25 miles, 3 of them rated EF3 or stronger.
- Hurricanes
- 19
- Tropical storms
- 70
- Tornadoes
- 85
- EF3 or stronger
- 3
within 75 mi, since 1851
below hurricane strength
within 25 mi, since 1950
1 deaths in all
What the records show for Norfolk
The strongest storm to pass near Norfolk was an unnamed storm in 1879, a Category 2 hurricane with 106 mph winds when its centre passed 34 miles away. The closest pass by a hurricane was an unnamed storm in 1933, whose centre came within 4 miles. The record near Norfolk begins with an unnamed storm in 1851; the most recent system was Elsa in 2021, a tropical storm 41 miles away. The 1880s and the 2000s were the busiest decades, with 9 systems each. Of the 89 systems, 16 have come since 2000. Norfolk has more hurricanes within 75 miles than 99% of the 364 Virginia cities on this site. The highest rating among the 85 tornadoes within 25 miles is F3 or EF3, reached 3 times; the most recent, on April 30, 2023, came within 10 miles. The deadliest, an F1 on April 8, 1962, killed 1 person. Of the 85, 11 had paths within 5 miles of the city centre, and 42 have come since 2000. August has had the most tornadoes, 21. The most recent tornado was on June 16, 2023. Norfolk has more tornadoes within 25 miles than 84% of the 364 Virginia cities. Hail has been reported within 10 miles 133 times since 1957, with stones up to 2 inches (hen egg size). Norfolk has more hail reports within 10 miles than 90% of the 364 Virginia cities.
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Tropical storms and hurricanes near Norfolk
| Year | Storm | Closest | Strength when closest | Peak |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | ElsaJul 9 | 41 mi | Tropical storm (54 mph) | Category 1 |
| 2021 | ClaudetteJun 21 | 52 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 2020 | IsaiasAug 4 | 48 mi | Tropical storm (69 mph) | Category 1 |
| 2019 | NestorOct 20 | 14 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 2018 | MichaelOct 12 | 2 mi | Tropical storm (63 mph) | Category 5 |
| 2013 | AndreaJun 7 | 21 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 2011 | IreneAug 28 | 34 mi | Category 1 (75 mph) | Category 3 |
| 2008 | HannaSep 6 | 51 mi | Tropical storm (52 mph) | Category 1 |
| 2007 | GabrielleSep 10 | 60 mi | Tropical storm (41 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 2007 | BarryJun 4 | 68 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 2006 | ErnestoSep 1 | 43 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Category 1 |
| 2006 | AlbertoJun 14 | 62 mi | Tropical storm (45 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 2004 | GastonAug 31 | 28 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Category 1 |
| 2004 | CharleyAug 14 | 16 mi | Tropical storm (47 mph) | Category 4 |
| 2003 | IsabelSep 18 | 74 mi | Category 1 (81 mph) | Category 5 |
| 2000 | HeleneSep 24 | 33 mi | Tropical storm (47 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1999 | FloydSep 16 | 12 mi | Category 1 (75 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1998 | EarlSep 4 | 48 mi | Tropical storm (58 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1998 | BonnieAug 28 | 75 mi | Category 1 (79 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1997 | DannyJul 24 | 22 mi | Tropical storm (48 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1996 | JosephineOct 8 | 54 mi | Tropical storm (52 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1996 | BerthaJul 13 | 32 mi | Tropical storm (69 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1992 | DanielleSep 25 | 48 mi | Tropical storm (63 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1986 | CharleyAug 18 | 35 mi | Category 1 (79 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1985 | GloriaSep 27 | 66 mi | Category 2 (101 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1983 | DeanSep 30 | 49 mi | Tropical storm (45 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1972 | AgnesJun 22 | 62 mi | Tropical storm (53 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1971 | DoriaAug 28 | 4 mi | Tropical storm (69 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1970 | AlmaMay 27 | 49 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1969 | CamilleAug 20 | 14 mi | Tropical storm (44 mph) | Category 5 |
| 1967 | DoriaSep 16 | 31 mi | Tropical storm (60 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1965 | Unnamed 1965 stormJun 16 | 61 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1964 | CleoSep 1 | 42 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1963 | Unnamed 1963 stormJun 3 | 15 mi | Tropical storm (54 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1961 | Unnamed 1961 stormSep 14 | 8 mi | Tropical storm (51 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1960 | DonnaSep 12 | 50 mi | Category 2 (98 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1960 | BrendaJul 30 | 15 mi | Tropical storm (58 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1959 | CindyJul 10 | 5 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1956 | Unnamed 1956 stormOct 18 | 38 mi | Tropical storm (52 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1956 | FlossySep 28 | 50 mi | Tropical storm (58 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1955 | IoneSep 20 | 36 mi | Category 1 (75 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1955 | ConnieAug 13 | 7 mi | Category 1 (79 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1953 | BarbaraAug 14 | 37 mi | Category 1 (86 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1947 | Unnamed 1947 stormSep 25 | 59 mi | Tropical storm (44 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1944 | Unnamed 1944 stormOct 21 | 33 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1943 | Unnamed 1943 stormSep 30 | 63 mi | Tropical storm (63 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1935 | Unnamed 1935 stormSep 6 | 3 mi | Tropical storm (68 mph) | Category 5 |
| 1933 | Unnamed 1933 stormAug 23 | 4 mi | Category 1 (79 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1928 | Unnamed 1928 stormSep 19 | 58 mi | Tropical storm (69 mph) | Category 5 |
| 1928 | Unnamed 1928 stormAug 12 | 67 mi | Tropical storm (48 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1925 | Unnamed 1925 stormDec 3 | 55 mi | Tropical storm (69 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1924 | Unnamed 1924 stormSep 30 | 7 mi | Tropical storm (72 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1918 | Unnamed 1918 stormAug 25 | 71 mi | Tropical storm (69 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1916 | Unnamed 1916 stormMay 16 | 15 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1907 | Unnamed 1907 stormJun 30 | 28 mi | Tropical storm (52 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1904 | Unnamed 1904 stormSep 15 | 41 mi | Tropical storm (67 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1902 | Unnamed 1902 stormOct 12 | 74 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1902 | Unnamed 1902 stormJun 16 | 48 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1901 | Unnamed 1901 stormJul 11 | 66 mi | Category 1 (81 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1900 | Unnamed 1900 stormOct 13 | 70 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1899 | Unnamed 1899 stormAug 18 | 51 mi | Category 1 (92 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1897 | Unnamed 1897 stormOct 25 | 52 mi | Tropical storm (63 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1894 | Unnamed 1894 stormOct 10 | 13 mi | Category 1 (74 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1894 | Unnamed 1894 stormSep 29 | 55 mi | Category 1 (81 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1893 | Unnamed 1893 stormOct 23 | 54 mi | Tropical storm (52 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1893 | Unnamed 1893 stormJun 17 | 36 mi | Tropical storm (63 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1889 | Unnamed 1889 stormSep 25 | 25 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1888 | Unnamed 1888 stormOct 12 | 50 mi | Tropical storm (58 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1888 | Unnamed 1888 stormSep 11 | 59 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1887 | Unnamed 1887 stormOct 21 | 37 mi | Tropical storm (43 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1886 | Unnamed 1886 stormJul 2 | 41 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1882 | Unnamed 1882 stormSep 23 | 6 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1882 | Unnamed 1882 stormSep 11 | 48 mi | Tropical storm (52 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1881 | Unnamed 1881 stormSep 10 | 6 mi | Tropical storm (58 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1880 | Unnamed 1880 stormSep 9 | 70 mi | Category 1 (81 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1879 | Unnamed 1879 stormAug 18 | 34 mi | Category 2 (106 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1878 | Unnamed 1878 stormOct 23 | 45 mi | Category 2 (99 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1877 | Unnamed 1877 stormOct 4 | 49 mi | Tropical storm (60 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1876 | Unnamed 1876 stormSep 17 | 57 mi | Category 1 (76 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1874 | Unnamed 1874 stormSep 29 | 32 mi | Tropical storm (58 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1872 | Unnamed 1872 stormOct 25 | 25 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1863 | Unnamed 1863 stormSep 18 | 4 mi | Tropical storm (58 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1861 | Unnamed 1861 stormNov 2 | 57 mi | Tropical storm (72 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1861 | Unnamed 1861 stormSep 27 | 3 mi | Tropical storm (69 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1859 | Unnamed 1859 stormSep 17 | 43 mi | Tropical storm (61 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1857 | Unnamed 1857 stormSep 14 | 48 mi | Tropical storm (58 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1856 | Unnamed 1856 stormAug 19 | 12 mi | Tropical storm (58 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1854 | Unnamed 1854 stormSep 10 | 17 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1851 | Unnamed 1851 stormAug 25 | 41 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Category 3 |
Strength is the sustained wind on the track at the closest point, which is not the wind felt in Norfolk: a hurricane's worst winds sit within a few dozen miles of its centre, and inland cities are usually past that.
Tornadoes within 25 miles of Norfolk
By decade
- 2020s7(1 EF3+)
- 2010s16
- 2000s19(1 EF3+)
- 1990s15
- 1980s4
- 1970s11(1 EF3+)
- 1960s8
- 1950s5
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Killed / injured |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 30, 2023 | EF3 | 10 mi | 4.5 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Apr 28, 2008 | EF3 | 4 mi | 24 mi | 0 / 200 |
| Sep 5, 1979 | F3 | 11 mi | 2.5 mi | 0 / 2 |
| Mar 31, 2017 | EF2 | 10 mi | 8.86 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Apr 16, 2011 | EF2 | 22 mi | 22.61 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Sep 4, 1999 | F2 | 10 mi | 1 mi | 0 / 6 |
| Aug 6, 1993 | F2 | 5 mi | 2.5 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Aug 3, 1988 | F2 | 16 mi | 0.2 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Sep 5, 1979 | F2 | 10 mi | 0.5 mi | 0 / 9 |
| Oct 9, 1959 | F2 | 18 mi | 1 mi | 0 / 0 |
| Apr 8, 1962 | F1 | 17 mi | 11.5 mi | 1 / 0 |
| Aug 4, 2020 | EF1 | 21 mi | 21 mi | 0 / 0 |
The strongest 12 of 85, by rating and then by deaths. Ratings before February 2007 are on the original Fujita scale.
Hail in Norfolk
The Storm Prediction Center has 133 hail reports within 10 miles of Norfolk since 1957, made on 70 separate days. Of these, 89 were 1 inch across or larger, and 2 reached 2 inches. The largest size, 2 inches (hen egg size), was reported on 2 days, most recently July 1, 1990. The most recent report is from July 27, 2025. May has the most reports, 46.
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather reports, data through 2025.
Weather by month in Norfolk
The nearest NOAA station with 1991–2020 climate normals is Norfolk S, VA, 2 miles southeast of Norfolk at 10 feet. July is the warmest, with an average high of 88°F and low of 71°F; January is the coolest, at 49°F and 32°F. August is the wettest at 6.6 inches of precipitation on average and February the driest at 3.2 inches; the year adds up to 53.6 inches over 80 days with at least a tenth of an inch. June to November, the hurricane season months, bring 58% of the year's precipitation (31.3 of 53.6 inches); the other six months are drier. September has brought the most of the 89 tropical systems that passed within 75 miles (36); a normal September there has highs of 80°F and 6.2 inches of precipitation. Highs reach 90°F on about 35 days a year, almost all from May to September. Lows fall below freezing on about 51 nights a year. That 53.6 inches is more than at 106 of the 109 Virginia stations used on this site (97%). Virginia Beach, 10 miles southeast, has its own station (Oceana NAS, VA): 47.0 inches a year, 6.6 less than here, and a July average high of 87°F against 88°F.
Water temperature at the NOAA tide station Sewells Point, VA, 5 miles northwest, averaged 81°F in July and 44°F in January over 2021–2025. It averaged 80°F or warmer from July to August. Sea level at the Sewells Point tide gauge, 5 miles from Norfolk, has risen 1.90 ± 0.04 inches per decade from 1927 to 2025, NOAA's linear trend; at that pace it is 19.0 inches in a hundred years. That is faster than at 115 of the 144 U.S. gauges with a NOAA trend.
| Month | High °F | Low °F | Precip. in | Days ≥ 0.1" | Water °F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 49 | 32 | 3.7 | 6 | 44 |
| Feb | 52 | 34 | 3.2 | 6 | 44 |
| Mar | 58 | 40 | 4.1 | 7 | 51 |
| Apr | 70 | 49 | 3.7 | 7 | 60 |
| May | 77 | 58 | 4.1 | 7 | 68 |
| Jun | 84 | 66 | 4.8 | 8 | 76 |
| Jul | 88 | 71 | 5.7 | 8 | 81 |
| Aug | 86 | 70 | 6.6 | 8 | 80 |
| Sep | 80 | 65 | 6.2 | 6 | 77 |
| Oct | 71 | 53 | 4.5 | 6 | 68 |
| Nov | 60 | 43 | 3.5 | 6 | 58 |
| Dec | 53 | 36 | 3.5 | 6 | 48 |
| Year | 69 | 51 | 53.6 | 80 | 63 |
Averages for 1991–2020 at Norfolk S, VA (10 ft), from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals; water temperature: average of hourly readings 2021–2025 at the NOAA tide station Sewells Point, VA, from NOAA Tides & Currents. Normals describe the station; the farther a place is from it, and the bigger the difference in height, the more its weather can differ.
Floods, thunderstorm wind and lightning near Norfolk
Since 1996, the National Weather Service has logged 507 flood, rain, thunderstorm wind and lightning events that began within 10 miles of Norfolk: 229 thunderstorm wind reports, 134 flash floods, 106 heavy rain events, 29 floods and 9 lightning strikes. They killed 4 people and injured 11, and the NWS estimated $74.9 million in property and crop damage. The strongest thunderstorm gust on record here was 92 mph, on July 26, 2022. July has had the most flash floods, 38 of 134. Of the 364 Virginia cities on this site with a flash flood on record, 349 have had fewer than Norfolk.
July 15, 2017: lightning strike 5 miles from the centre of Norfolk — 3 killed, 6 injured, $1.0 million damage.
May 24, 2011: thunderstorm wind 4 miles from the centre of Norfolk — 1 killed, $2,000 damage.
NWS: “Wind gust pushed a crane against a building pinning a shipyard employee.”
February 11, 2012: lightning strike 3 miles from the centre of Norfolk — 2 injured.
NWS: “Two sailors were injured at Piers 10 and 11 on Norfolk Naval Base. The lightning strikes occurred on separate ships while the individuals were outdoors lowering the flags to their ships.”
Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, events whose starting point is on record, 1996 to June 30, 2026. Damage is the NWS estimate in the dollars of the year, not insured losses, and NWS notes that some reports are unverified.
Flood insurance claims, disaster declarations and FEMA risk ratings
Flood insurance policyholders in Norfolk's 12 ZIP codes have filed 6,010 claims with the National Flood Insurance Program since 1978, and were paid $68.1 million for buildings and contents, in the dollars of each year. The most came from November 2009 Nor'easter in 2009: 1,405 claims (23% of all) and $22.8 million, then Hurricane Isabel in 2003 with 1,290 and Hurricane Irene in 2011 with 739. 80% of the claims carry the name of a storm or flood event; the rest have no event name. Of the 183 Virginia cities on this site with 10 or more claims, 181 have fewer than Norfolk.
| Event | Claims | Paid |
|---|---|---|
| November 2009 Nor'easter2009 | 1,405 | $22.8 million |
| Hurricane Isabel2003 | 1,290 | $15.9 million |
| Hurricane Irene2011 | 739 | $11.4 million |
| Flooding1998 | 402 | $1.7 million |
| Hurricane Floyd1999 | 323 | $1.2 million |
| Hurricane Matthew2016 | 301 | $4.9 million |
Norfolk city, which includes Norfolk, has been named in 18 federal disaster or emergency declarations since 1972, 10 of them major disasters (by incident: 10 hurricanes, 2 biological emergencies, 2 snowstorms, 1 flood). The latest major disaster declaration was Covid-19 Pandemic, on April 2, 2020. FEMA's National Risk Index gives Norfolk City a Relatively Moderate rating for natural hazard risk overall; by hazard: Relatively High for coastal flooding and lightning; Relatively Moderate for hurricanes, tornadoes, inland flooding, strong wind and heat waves; Relatively Low for hail. It models the county's expected loss from all 18 hazards it covers at $45.7 million a year, the 7th highest of 133 Virginia counties; of the hazards above, the largest share, $16.7 million (37%), is from inland flooding.
Claims: FEMA, OpenFEMA Dataset FIMA NFIP Redacted Claims – v3, summed over ZIP codes; payments in the dollars of each year, not adjusted for inflation. Declarations: Disaster Declarations Summaries – v2, by county. Retrieved October 25, 2026. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Risk ratings: FEMA, National Risk Index county table, December 2025 (v1.20), retrieved October 26, 2026; ratings compare counties nationwide, are meant for planning and are no substitute for a local risk assessment. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Norfolk in the notable storm records: Hurricane Irene (2011)
What counts as a pass, the distances and the sources: how this storm history is built.
Cities near Norfolk
- Portsmouth, VA7 mi
- Chesapeake, VA9 mi
- Virginia Beach, VA10 mi
- Hampton, VA12 mi
- Carrollton, VA16 mi
- Poquoson, VA18 mi
- Suffolk, VA19 mi
- Newport News, VA19 mi
- Yorktown, VA21 mi
- Smithfield, VA22 mi
- Seaford, VA22 mi
- Fort Eustis, VA25 mi
All Virginia cities →All hurricanes since 1851 →Compare Norfolk with another place →